Crushing or grinding mill



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L H. M Km ED M e um AR 0 .6 F" H s u R c m m 6 m N (A pplication filed May I l3, 1896.)

4 Shack-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

No. 6l6,92l. Patented Ian. 3, I899. F. HAMACHEK.

CRUSHING 0B GRINDING MILL.

(Application filed my 18, 1898.)

v 4 Shbets-Shaet 2.

(No Model.)

"m: NORRIS PETERS co, PHDTO LITHO.. WASHINGTON a. c,

No. 616,92I. Patented-Ian; 3, I899. F. HAMACHEK.

GRUSHING 0R GRINDING MILL.

(Application filed m 13, 1898.) (No Model.) 4 Sheets8heet 3.

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3mm MM- n1: NORRIS PETERS co motaumcq \A'ASHINGTUN, u. c.

- No. 6l6,92l. Patented Ian. 3, I899.

F. HAMACHEK.

CRUSHING 0R GRINDING MILL.

(Application filed May 18, 1e as.)

(No Model.) 4' Sheets-Sheet 4.

*wgjfiiillllliib rrnn STATES PATENT ()rrrcn.

FRANK I-IAMAOHEK, OF KEWAUNEE, WISCONSIN,

CRUSHING OR GRINDING MILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 616,921, dated January 3, 1899.

I Application filed May 13, 1896. Serial No. 591,370. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANK HAMACHEK, of Kewaunee, in the county of Kewaunee and State of lVisconsin, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Crushing or Grinding Mills, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which are a part of this specification.

' My invention has relation to improvements in crushing or grinding mills more especially designed for crushing oats, barley, rice, corn, peas, and like grain.

The primary object is to provide a construction whereby the grinding-disks may be adjusted with such exact nicety as to allow for the same being brought to within a hairs breadth of each other and yet not touch ata single point, the disks being held with sufficient firmness in their adjusted position to withstand proper pressure, but yielding laterally or spreading apart under the strain of hard substances which may come in between the grinding-disks. I

The invention contemplates other important objects, which will be hereinafter more fully pointed out.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an end elevation of the complete device. Fig. 2 is a side elevation. Fig. 3 is a plan View with the hopper removed. Fig. 4 is a central longitudinal vertical sectional view on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a View of the shell or casing for the grinding-disks, the outer end or head of said shell and the outer grinding-disk secured thereto being removed and showing a part of the discharge-chamber broken away. Fig. 6 is a View of the lefthand end of the driving-shaft and its bearing with parts broken away. Fig. 7 is a similar view of the right-hand end of said shaft and its bearing at that end. Fig. Sis arear View of the pressure-lever and the end of the frame to which it is pivoted. Fig. 9 is a detail of the pawl-and-ratchet mechanism for the tension-regulating shaft. Fig. 10 is afront view of the hopper-gate and the lever for closing the same. Fig. 11 is a section on line 11 11 of Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is an edge view of Fig. 10, showing the gate in section. Fig. 13 is an inner face View of the flange to which the inner grinding-disk is secured. Fig. 14 is an elevation of a fragment of the feeding-wheel, and Fig. 15 is a cross-section of one of the wings of said wheel.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 14 indicates the supporting-framework, which may be of any suitable form best adapted to support the working parts. Mounted upon this framework is a rectangular main frame 15. The opposite end pieces of this main frame are provided with integral bearings 16 16, in which a longitudinal shaft 17 is seated. It will be noticed that this frame is perfectly straight and lies flat on the supporting-frame to which it is secured, so that the shaft is in a straight line with this frame 15. The cappieces of these bearings are indicated by the numerals 18 18. These cap-pieces are held in place by means of securing-bolts 19, passing through lateral outstanding flanges from the cap-piece. Oil-cups 2O 20 are formed in the tops of these cap-pieces, and from these cups passages 21 21 lead downwardly to the shaft.

Mounted upon the shaft intermediate the two bearings 16 16 is a band-pulley 22.

Formed integral with one end of the main frame 15 is a head-piece 23, which at its edge is formed with an outstanding rim 24, the head-piece and rim forminga shell or boxing preferably of cylindrical form.

On the outside rim 24 of the frame or shell is fastened a plate 27, forming the'outerhead of the shell. This plate has an outstanding spout 26 cast thereon and has also projecting therefrom a hub 25, which forms a bearing for the shaft 17. The outer head or end 27 has its inner side faced off, as indicated at 28, so as to receive the edge of the rim 24. Bolts 29 extend through the edges of the heads 23 and 27 and serve to connect the rim 24 to said head 27. It will be seen that the main framepiece 15, its bearings for the shaft 17 the inner head 23, and its rim 24 are in one piece, while the bearing 25 for the end of the shaft, the spout 26, and the outer head-piece 27 arev also in one piece.

The parts enumerated constitute the main portions of the machine and are constructed simply from two castings.

A screw-bolt 30 turns through a threaded opening in the end of the bearing 25 against hard-steel disks 31 31, interposed between the g eie ei end of said bolt and the end of the shaft 17 These disks are mounted loosely upon a pin 32, which pin at one end enters loosely its bearing 33 in the shaft 17, and its opposite end enters loosely a recess in screw-bolt 30. A jam-nut 34 takes onto the threads of the bolt 30 and is adapted to be turned up against the end of the bearing 25. An oil-chamber 34' is formed in the bearing 25, and this chamber leads to the annular oil-recess 35, adjacent to the outer face of the outermost disk 31. The lubricant in the chamber 34', therefore, is free to pass to the recess 35, and from this recess feeds to the screw-bolt, to the respective disks, to the loose pin, and along the bearing 25, the waste oil finding its exit out of openings 36 36 in the outwardly-bulged portion 36 of the casting. The opposite end of the shaft 17 is likewise provided with a recess 37, in which fits loosely a pin 38. On the outer end of this pin are loosely mounted disks 39 39, advisably of hardened steel.

The numeral 40 indicates a pressure-lever pivoted at one end to an outstanding lug 41. At a medial point this lever is provided with an inwardly-extending projection 42, which is adapted to bear against the outer one of the disks 39. The outer end of the pin 38 also passes loosely into a recess formed in the inner end of this projection 42. It will be noticed that the under edge of the inwardlyextending projection 42 is provided with a downwardly-extending lug 43. The end of the bearing 16 is extended upwardly to form an outer wall 44, and upon the upper edge of this wall rests a straight edge 40 of the lever 40. Between this outer wall and the outer disk is formed an oil-reservoir 45, in which the downwardly-extending lug 43 is received. The bore of the bearing 16 is advisably lined with Babbitt metal 46, which lies next to the shaft. The oil which is poured through the cap-piece is free to pass to the disks 39, to the shaft, to the pin 38, and also to the pressurelever 40, being received in the oil-reservoir 45. From this reservoir it is free to pass along the bearing 16 to and out of the inner end of said bearing.

The numeral 47 indicates a tension-regulating rod, one end of which passes through an eye formed in the free end of the pressurelever 40. A coiled spring 48 encircles one end of the rod and is confined between the end of the pressure-lever and a nut 49, locatedon the threaded end of the rod. J nst in advance of the end of the pressure-lever the rod is provided with a rigid rectangular collar 50, against which a lug 51, projecting from the lever, is adapted to bear. The opposite end of the tension-rod has its bearing in a lug projecting from the edge of the head or plate 27. This end of the rodis also threaded, and working on these threads is a hand-wheel 52. The inner face of this hand-whee]. is formed with a hub having a series of recesses 53 therein. A locking-dog 54 is pivoted to the head 27, and at its free end is provided with a depending tooth adapted to engage in any of the recesses in order to hold the hand-wheel to adjusted position on the end of the tension-rod.

The numeral 55 indicates a flange which is shrunk tight or otherwise rigidly secured onto the main shaft 17. This flange is placed on the shaft in such position as to be within the grinding chamber or shell, said flange being opposite to the inner face of the head 27. This flange is faced off, as indicated at 56, to receive the grinding-disk 57, said disk being held to the flange by means of bolts 58. The inner side of the flange has formed or cast thereon a series of radial wings 59, the outer ends of said wings being provided with lateral extensions 59, which project over the edge of the flange. Opposite the grinding-disk 57 is the fixed disk 60. The end or head 27 is faced off, as indicated at 61, to receive the disk (50, said disk being secured to the head 27 by means of bolts 62.

The numeral 63 indicates a feeding-wheel which is mounted upon and turns with the shaft 17 and is located on the shaft, so as to be within the chamber or space formed by the bulged-out portion 36. It will also be noticed that this feeding-wheel and the two disks 57 and 60 are intermediate the two bearings 16 and 25. It will be seen from the drawings that the feeding-wheel is substantially of an egg shape, with the point end cut off, said cut-off end bearing against the wall of the flange 55, the opposite oval end of the feed-wheel being the outer end of said wheel and entering the feed-chamber. Being oval in shape at this end, the wings proceed immediately from the outer end of the wheel, said wings being from the starting-point spirally curved and concavo-convex in cross-section, as indicated by 63, the spiral curvatures extending across the body of the wheel. The wings increase in width as they ascend the oval from the outer end of the feed-wheel, said wings being widest and most concave at the greatest diameter of the feed-wheel and thence by the same spiral curve descending, the win gs gradually diminishing in width toward the inner and smaller end of the feed-wheel. lVhile the wings diminish in width, the spiral curve increases toward the inner and smaller end of the feedwheel, thereby relieving the grasp upon the material, and by the centrifugal motion of the feed-wheel as it revolves the material is distributed equally between the grindingdisks. The wings, as aforesaid, proceed immediately from the outer end of the feed-wheel, and the conveying and grasping power of the feed wheel thereby absolutely prevents any clogging or lodging of material between the feed wheel and the feed-chamber walls, with the result that when any kind of hard substance gets in between the grinding disk or when there is an endwise movement of the shaft, with the mountings thereon, material will always fall and lodge between the walls of the feed-chamber and the feed-wheel,which feedwheel of course is moved with the shaft.

Were it not for the very fact of the grasping power of the wings proceeding from the outer end of the feed-wheel such material could only be dislodged by taking the mill apart. In my improved form of feed-wheel, however, with the wings proceeding immediately from the outer end of the feed-wheel and of the shape and form described, the wings are enabled to grasp and clear away all material so lodged.

Extending out from the rim 2% is a casing 64, said casing being preferably integral with the rim and forming a discharge-chamber 65. This casing is provided with a dischargeopening 66,'which is normally closed by means of a sliding pivoted gate 67. The end of the casing is preferably of circular form, and the gate fits thereagainst and conforms thereto in shape. This gate is formed with an arm or arms 68 to receive the pivot 69. The gate, therefore, when operated swings on an arc of a circle.

Secured to and extending upwardly from the rim 24 are brackets 70 70. These brackets are secured to and support a hopper '71. This hopper has its discharge-openin g located in one of the inclined sides of the bottom of the hopper and in line with the spout 26, so as to discharge into said spout. This discharge-opening is controlled by means of a cover 72. This cover has projecting therefrom a trunnion 7 3, which fits in an elongated slot 74 of a pivoted lever 75. The free end of this lever works above the raised portion of a looped segment 76, the lower side of the looped segment provided with a series of teeth or serrations 77, with which teeth or serrations similar teeth 78, formed on the lever, are adapted to engage. Above the lever is a coiled spring 79, which presses downwardly against the lever and holds the teeth thereof normally-in engagement with the teeth of the segment. It will be noticed that the upper side piece of the looped segment is provided with a shoulder 7 6 and the upper side of the lever with ashoulder 7 5 and that between these'two shoulders the cover 72 slides, said shoulders forminga guideway for the cover.

In the operation of my invention rotation is imparted to the main shaft 17 by a belt running from a source of power over the pulley 22. As this shaft is rotated the flange 55 and the grinding-disk 57, secured thereto, are rotated together. The grain to be ground or crushed is fed into the hopper 71 and the cover 72 for the opening of said hopper regulated so as to discharge the proper amount of grain into the spout 26. This cover is regulated by pressing up on the lever 75 against the action of the spring 79, so as to release the teeth 78 from engagement with the teeth or serrations 77 of the segment. The lever is then free to be turned on its pivot. As it is thus turned the cover is'moved so as to either increase or. decrease the size of the discharge-opening of the hopper in accordance with the direction in which said lever is moved. After the required adjustment is obtained up pressure on the lever is removed. The spring 79 then forces the lever'downwardly to bring the teeth 78 into engagement with the teeth 77, which of course has the effect of holding the lever to adjusted position. The grain passing through the discharge-opening of the hopper passes into the spout 26 and from said spout to the space or chamber formed by the bulged-out portion 36, in which space or chamber the grain is acted upon by the feeding-wheel 63 and forced up between the grinding-disks 57 and 60. As the disk 57 is revolving with the flange 55 the grain is thoroughly crushed and ground between the two disks, being forced by the angular extensions 59 of the wings 59 into the discharge-chamber 65, to pass out of the discharge-openin g of said chamber into a bag 80, suspended at the discharge-opening in convenient position to catch the feed. Any feed that passes from between the grindingdisks back of the flange 55 is forced out of said space into the discharge-chamber by the radial wings 59. As soon as the bag becomes filled the sliding gate 67 is swung down, so as to close the discharge-opening. The bag is then detached and another empty bag substituted therefor. The gate 67 is now again slid back to open the discharge 66.

By reason of the fact that the projection 42 of the lever 40 bears against the end of the shaft 17 and the coiled spring 48 bears against the end'of the lever 40 said shaft 17 is held against endwise motion, which would be apt to be caused by the pressure of the grain between the grinding-disks. As some grains are harder than others, and consequently have more of a tendency to separate or spread the grinding-disks apart, I provide the handwheel 52, hereinbefore referred to, for the purpose of adjusting the tension-rod longitudinally, and thereby increasing the tension of the spring 18. In order to secure this adjustment, the tooth of the dog 54 is released from the recess 53, and the hand-wheel is then free to be turned. The rod 47 is prevented from being turned with the hand-wheel by reason of the lug 51 of the lever 40 engaging against the rigid rectangular collar 50. As the handwheel is turned, therefore, the rod is moved longitudinally, and when it is desired to increase the tension of the spring the handwheel is turned so as to cause the rod to move in a direction necessary to compress the spring 48 between the end of the lever 40 and the nut 49. By this arrangement the grinding-disks can be readily adjusted so as to prevent the movement of the inner disk 57 away from the outer disk 69 no matter what kind of grain is fed between the disks. While the movable disk is thus capable of being held firmly against the outward pressure ofthe grain, yet it is adapted to move laterally away from the disk 60 under undue strain caused by a hard and unyielding substance getting in be- The pressure of such subtween the disks.

stance is against the flange 55, and as said flange is rigid to the shaft the shaft is caused to move endwise, the end thereof pressing against the projection 42 of the lever 40 and throwing said lever outward on its pivot against the contrary force exerted by the spring 48. The moment hard or unyielding substances pass from between the grindingdisks the coiled spring 48 forces the lever 40 inwardly again, and the projection 42 thereof, acting on the shaft 17, causes said shaft to likewise move inwardly and carry the flange 55 and its grinding-disk 57 back to their normal position.

By my invention the disk 57 can be adj usted with the most minute nicety toward the stationary disk (30. This adjustment is secured by first loosening the jam-nut 34 and then turning the screw-bolt 30, which acting against the end of the shaft will cause the same to move endwise, and as the flange 55, which carries the grinding-disk 57, is fast to the shaft said flange and the grinding-disk will be moved therewith. The disk may by this means he moved closer to or farther away from the disk and the finest possible adjustment thereby attained without any portions of the two disks contacting.

In my invention when the adjustable disk is once set it remains fixed in its adjusted position, and consequently the disks at their peripheries or edges are always free for the es cape of the ground feed, and hence all clogging is thereby prevented.

The antifriction bearing-disks 31 and 39 at opposite ends of the shaft reduce friction to the minimum. A plurality of disks is advisable, inasmuch as if only one were employed and it became stuck to the shaft it would thereby be compelled to rotate with said shaft. The constant friction thereby created would soon wear out a single disk. By providing at least two disks, however, if one should become fast to the shaft the other will still remain loose. The disks are also loosely mounted on the pins 32 and 38, so as to further decrease friction. By providing the loose disks and the loose pins the lubricant is free to pass to all the bearings and to get in between the faces of the disks, oozing out between the outer edges of said disks.

By reason of the fact that the frame 15 is perfectly straight and lies flat upon the supporting-frame to which it is secured the pressure at opposite ends of the shaft caused by the pressure-lever against one end of the shaft forcing the other end of said shaft against the set-bolt said pressure is'exerted straight against the ends of the frame, and consequently there is no tendency to buckling, bending, or breaking of parts.

\Vhat I claim as my invention isl. In a grinding and crushing mill, the combination, of a frame, a rotatable shaft mounted in bearings in said frame and capable of endwise movement in the bearings, a grinding-disk fast to the shaft, a complementary disk carried by a fixed part, a pressure-lever provided with a projection engaging one end of the shaft, a tension-rod passing through the lever, a spring on the rod and bearing against the pressure-lever, a collar rigidly mounted on the tension-rod, with which collar a projection from the lever is adapted to contact, and a hand-wheel on the end of the rod.

2. In a grinding and crushing mill, the combination, of a frame, a rotatable shaft mounted in bearings in said frame, and capable of endwise movement in the bearings, a grinding-disk fixed to the shaft, a complementary disk carried by a fixed part, and a pressurelever provided with a projection, said projection extending through the end of one of the bearings, said bearing provided with an upwardly-extending end wall forming an oilreservoir between its inner side and the end of the rotatable shaft, and said projection of the lever provided upon its upper side with an edge which bears upon the upper end of the end wall of the bearing, and also provided with a downwardly-extending lug projecting into the oil-reservoir.

3. The combination, of a bearing, a shaft having its end fitting therein, a set-bolt, aplurality of disks between the set-bolt and the shaft, and a pin on which the disks are loosely mounted, one end of said pin fitting loosely in a recess in the shaft, and. the opposite end fitting loosely in a recess in the set-bolt.

4. The combination, of a bearing, a shaft having its end fitting therein, a plurality of disks within the bearing and against the end of the shaft, and a pin on which the disks are loosely mounted, said pin fitting loosely in a recess in the end of the shaft.

5. The combination of a bearing, a shaft having its end fitting therein, a pressure device, plurality of disks between the pressure device and the shaft, and a pin on which the disks are loosely mounted, one end of said pin fitting loosely in a recess in the shaft, and the opposite end fitting loosely in a recess in the pressure device. 7

6. In a disk grinding and crushing mill, the combination, of a frame, formed or provided with a feed-chamber, a shaft j ournaled in said frame, grinding-disks, and a feed-wheel mounted on the shaft, said feed-wheel being oval in shape, its diameter being largest at the outer end, and smallest at the inner end thereof, said feed-wheel being provided with a series of concavo-convex and spirally-arranged wings, said spirally-arranged wings proceeding immediately from the outer and larger end of the feed-wheel, and thence gradually increasing in width toward the largest diameter of the feed-wheel, and thence gradually diminishing in width toward the inner and smaller end of said feed-wheel, the spiral curvatures increasing toward the inner and smaller end of the feed-wheel with the gradually-diminishing width of the wings, the concave of the wings being in the direction of the motion of the feed-wheel and of the shaft upon which said feed-wheel is mounted.

7. In a grinding and crushing mill, the combination, of a frame, a shell or casing thereon, said shell or casing provided with a projecting circular discharge-chamber, havinga discharge-opening in the peripheral edge thereof, a pivoted gate fitting against the peripheral edge of the discharge-chamber and adapted for regulating the opening thereof, and grinding-disks within the shell or casing.

8. In agrinding and crushing mill, the combination, with a frame provided with an upwardly-extendinginlet-spout,ahoppermounted above the frame, and having its dischargeopening in line with the spout, a cover for the discharge-opening, said cover provided with a projecting trunnion, a lever pivoted at one end, and provided medially with elongated slot through which the trunnion passes, said lever also provided with a series of teeth or serrations and that a projecting shoulder, a segment of loop form, adapted to receive the free end of the lever between the sides thereof, the lower side of said loop upon the upper face thereof being provided with teeth with which the teeth of the lever are adapted to engage, and the upper side of the loop beof the lever in engagement with the teeth of the segment.

9. In a grinding and crushing mill, the combination, of an integral substantially rectangular frame formed with a shell or boxing, a head or plate adapted to fitthe shell or boxing, a series of bearings centrally arranged through the frame and head, a shaft longitudinally of and mounted in said bearings, said shaft adapted to have a longitudinal movement in the bearings, grinding-disks within the shell or boxing, one fixed rigidly to the shaft, and the other complementary disk fixed rigidly to the inner side of the head of the shell or boxing, a plurality of disks located Within the bearings at the opposite ends of the shaft, pins on which said disks are loosely mounted, a set-bolt passing through one bearing and acting against the plurality of disks at that end, and a pressure-lever FRANK l-IAMAOHEK.

WVitnesses:

ARTHUR L. MoRsELL, ANNA V. FAUST. 

